Java 图像处理

package sy;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.ColorModel;
import java.awt.image.MemoryImageSource;
import java.awt.image.PixelGrabber;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.LinkedList;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFileChooser;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.filechooser.FileFilter;

public class MyShowImage extends JFrame {

     // 保存当前操作的像素矩阵
     private int currentPixArray[] = null;

     // 图像的路径
     private String fileString = null;

     // 用于显示图像的标签
     private JLabel imageLabel = null;

     // 加载的图像
     private BufferedImage newImage;

     // 图像的高和宽
     private int h, w;

     // 保存历史操作图像矩阵
     private LinkedList<int[]> imageStack = new LinkedList<int[]>();

     private LinkedList<int[]> tempImageStack = new LinkedList<int[]>();

     public MyShowImage(String title) {
         super(title);
         this.setSize(800, 600);
         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

         // 创建菜单
         JMenuBar jb = new JMenuBar();
         JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("文件");
         jb.add(fileMenu);

         JMenuItem openImageMenuItem = new JMenuItem("打开图像");
         fileMenu.add(openImageMenuItem);
         openImageMenuItem.addActionListener(new OpenListener());

         JMenuItem exitMenu = new JMenuItem("退出");
         fileMenu.add(exitMenu);
         exitMenu.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
             public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                 System.exit(0);
             }
         });

         JMenu operateMenu = new JMenu("图像处理");
         jb.add(operateMenu);

         JMenuItem RGBtoGrayMenuItem = new JMenuItem("灰度图像转换");
         operateMenu.add(RGBtoGrayMenuItem);
         RGBtoGrayMenuItem.addActionListener(new RGBtoGrayActionListener());

         JMenuItem balanceMenuItem = new JMenuItem("均衡化");
         operateMenu.add(balanceMenuItem);
         balanceMenuItem.addActionListener(new BalanceActionListener());

         JMenu frontAndBackMenu = new JMenu("历史操作");
         jb.add(frontAndBackMenu);

         JMenuItem backMenuItem = new JMenuItem("后退");
         frontAndBackMenu.add(backMenuItem);
         backMenuItem.addActionListener(new BackActionListener());

         JMenuItem frontMenuItem = new JMenuItem("前进");
         frontAndBackMenu.add(frontMenuItem);
         frontMenuItem.addActionListener(new FrontActionListener());

         this.setJMenuBar(jb);

         imageLabel = new JLabel("");
         JScrollPane pane = new JScrollPane(imageLabel);
         this.add(pane, BorderLayout.CENTER);

         this.setVisible(true);

     }

     private class OpenListener implements ActionListener {
         public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
             JFileChooser jc = new JFileChooser();
             jc.setFileFilter(new FileFilter() {
                 public boolean accept(File f) { // 设定可用的文件的后缀名
                     if (f.getName().endsWith(".jpg") || f.isDirectory()|| f.getName().endsWith(".gif") || f.getName().endsWith(".bmp")) {
                         return true;
                     }
                     return false;
                 }

                 public String getDescription() {
                     return "图片(*.jpg,*.gif,*bmp)";
                 }
             });
             int returnValue = jc.showOpenDialog(null);
             if (returnValue == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) {
                 File selectedFile = jc.getSelectedFile();
                 if (selectedFile != null) {
                     fileString = selectedFile.getAbsolutePath();
                     try {
                         newImage = ImageIO.read(new File(fileString));
                         w = newImage.getWidth();
                         h = newImage.getHeight();
                         currentPixArray = getPixArray(newImage, w, h);
                         imageStack.clear();
                         tempImageStack.clear();
                         imageStack.addLast(currentPixArray);
                         imageLabel.setIcon(new ImageIcon(newImage));

                     } catch (IOException ex) {
                         System.out.println(ex);
                     }

                 }
             }
             MyShowImage.this.repaint();
             // MyShowImage.this.pack();
         }
     }

     // ////////////////菜单监听器///////////
     private class RGBtoGrayActionListener implements ActionListener {

         public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
             int[] resultArray = RGBtoGray(currentPixArray);
             imageStack.addLast(resultArray);
             currentPixArray = resultArray;
             showImage(resultArray);
             tempImageStack.clear();
         }

     }

     private class BalanceActionListener implements ActionListener {

         public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
             int[] resultArray = balance(currentPixArray);
             imageStack.addLast(resultArray);
             currentPixArray = resultArray;
             showImage(resultArray);
             tempImageStack.clear();
         }

     }

     private class BackActionListener implements ActionListener {

         public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
             if (imageStack.size() <= 1) {
                 JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "此幅图片的处理已经没有后退历史操作了", "提示",
                         JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
             } else {
                 tempImageStack.addLast(imageStack.removeLast());
                 currentPixArray = imageStack.getLast();
                 showImage(currentPixArray);
             }
         }

     }

     private class FrontActionListener implements ActionListener {

         public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
             if (tempImageStack.size() < 1) {
                 JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "此幅图片的处理已经没有前进历史操作了", "提示",
                         JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
             } else {
                 currentPixArray = tempImageStack.removeFirst();
                 imageStack.addLast(currentPixArray);
                 showImage(currentPixArray);
             }
         }

     }

     // ////////////////获取图像像素矩阵/////////
     private int[] getPixArray(Image im, int w, int h) {
         int[] pix = new int[w * h];
         PixelGrabber pg = null;
         try {
             pg = new PixelGrabber(im, 0, 0, w, h, pix, 0, w);
             if (pg.grabPixels() != true)
                 try {
                     throw new java.awt.AWTException("pg error" + pg.status());
                 } catch (Exception eq) {
                     eq.printStackTrace();
                 }
         } catch (Exception ex) {
             ex.printStackTrace();

         }
         return pix;
     }

     // ////////////////显示图片///////////
     private void showImage(int[] srcPixArray) {
         Image pic = createImage(new MemoryImageSource(w, h, srcPixArray, 0, w));
         ImageIcon ic = new ImageIcon(pic);
         imageLabel.setIcon(ic);
         imageLabel.repaint();
     }

     // ////////////////灰度转换///////////
     private int[] RGBtoGray(int[] ImageSource) {
         int[] grayArray = new int[h * w];
         ColorModel colorModel = ColorModel.getRGBdefault();
         int i, j, k, r, g, b;
         for (i = 0; i < h; i++) {
             for (j = 0; j < w; j++) {
                 k = i * w + j;
                 r = colorModel.getRed(ImageSource[k]);
                 g = colorModel.getGreen(ImageSource[k]);
                 b = colorModel.getBlue(ImageSource[k]);
                 int gray = (int) (r * 0.3 + g * 0.59 + b * 0.11);
                 r = g = b = gray;
                 grayArray[i * w + j] = (255 << 24) | (r << 16) | (g << | b;
             }
         }
         return grayArray;
     }

     // ///////////////图像均衡化///////////
     private int[] balance(int[] srcPixArray) {
         int[] histogram = new int[256];
         int[] dinPixArray = new int[w * h];

         for (int i = 0; i < h; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < w; j++) {
                 int grey = srcPixArray[i * w + j] & 0xff;
                 histogram[grey]++;
             }
         }
         double a = (double) 255 / (w * h);
         double[] c = new double[256];
         c[0] = (a * histogram[0]);
         for (int i = 1; i < 256; i++) {
             c[i] = c[i - 1] + (int) (a * histogram[i]);
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < h; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < w; j++) {
                 int grey = srcPixArray[i * w + j] & 0x0000ff;
                 int hist = (int) c[grey];

                 dinPixArray[i * w + j] = 255 << 24 | hist << 16 | hist << 8
                         | hist;
             }
         }
         return dinPixArray;
     }

     public static void main(String[] args) {
         new MyShowImage("ShowImage");
     }

}